TY - JOUR
T1 - The use of benthic indicators in Europe: From the Water Framework Directive to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive
AU - Van Hoey, Gert
AU - Borja, Angel
AU - Birchenough, Silvana
AU - Buhl-Mortensen, Lene
AU - Degraer, Steven
AU - Fleischer, Dirk
AU - Kerckhof, Francis
AU - Magni, Paolo
AU - Muxika, Inigo
AU - Reiss, Henning
AU - Schroeder, Alexander
AU - Zettler, Michael L.
PY - 2010/12/1
Y1 - 2010/12/1
N2 - The Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) are the European umbrella regulations for water systems. It is a challenge for the scientific community to translate the principles of these directives into realistic and accurate approaches. The aim of this paper, conducted by the Benthos Ecology Working Group of ICES, is to describe how the principles have been translated, which were the challenges and best way forward. We have tackled the following principles: the ecosystem-based approach, the development of benthic indicators, the definition of `pristine' or sustainable conditions, the detection of pressures and the development of monitoring programs. We concluded that testing and integrating the different approaches was facilitated during the WFD process, which led to further insights and improvements, which the MSFD can rely upon. Expert involvement in the entire implementation process proved to be of vital importance. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AB - The Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) are the European umbrella regulations for water systems. It is a challenge for the scientific community to translate the principles of these directives into realistic and accurate approaches. The aim of this paper, conducted by the Benthos Ecology Working Group of ICES, is to describe how the principles have been translated, which were the challenges and best way forward. We have tackled the following principles: the ecosystem-based approach, the development of benthic indicators, the definition of `pristine' or sustainable conditions, the detection of pressures and the development of monitoring programs. We concluded that testing and integrating the different approaches was facilitated during the WFD process, which led to further insights and improvements, which the MSFD can rely upon. Expert involvement in the entire implementation process proved to be of vital importance. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
U2 - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.015
DO - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.015
M3 - A1: Web of Science-article
VL - 60
SP - 2187
EP - 2196
JO - Marine Pollution Bulletin
JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin
IS - 12
ER -